Physics Library

The aircraft can fly because there is momentum from the horizontal thrust of the aircraft engine (Engine), then the engine boost will cause differences in air flow velocity below and above the aircraft wing. The velocity of air above the wing will be greater than under the wing because the distance of the air layer flowing above the wing is greater than the distance under the wing, the travel time of the air layer that passes over the wing and under the wing is the same. According to Bernoully's law, large air speeds cause small air pressure. so that the air pressure under the wing becomes greater than the upper wing. So there will be a lift force (lift) that makes the plane can fly.

Some of the main parts of the aircraft that make the aircraft can fly perfectly include the following;

1. The fuselage is inside; the wheelhouse (Cockpit) and the passenger room (Passenger).

2. Wings, there is Aileron function to "Rolling" the plane tilted left - right and Flap to increase the          wing area (Coefficient Lift) which is useful to increase the lift force of the aircraft.

3. Wing tail (Horizontal Stabilazer), there is an elevator function for "Pitching" nose UP - DOWN.

4. Vertical Stabilizer, there is a Rudder function for "Yawing" turn left - right.

5. Engine, functions as Thrust or thrust that produces aircraft speed.

6. Aircraft Wheel (Landing Gear), serves to land / landing or take off / Take-off.

Basically, if an aircraft is flying, it always combines the control functions above, for example; if the plane turns right or left, then the one driven by Aileron and Rudder, so while turning the plane is tilted so that the trajectory turns shorter, which can save time and save fuel consumption.

Basic Physical Principles used are:

1. The Bernoulli Principle

states that the higher the fluid velocity (for relatively the same height), the pressure will decrease. Thus there will be a difference in pressure between the lower air and the upper wing: this is what creates the L lift force. This explanation with Bernoulli's principle still reaps the pros and cons; but this explanation is also what Boeing uses to explain the principle of lift.

2. Newton's third law

EVERY ACTION (power) WILL GET READY AGAINST DIRECTION AND THE SAME BIG. Emphasizing on the principle of changing momentum when air is deflected by the underside of an aircraft's wing. From the principle of action - reaction, there is a force on the underside of the wing that is the same magnitude as the force applied by the wing to deflect air. While the explanation using the Coanda effect emphasizes the turning of the contours of air flowing at the top of the wing. The convex wing's top forces air to follow the contour. Deflection of the air contour is possible because of the presence of a low pressure area at the top of the wing (or with another explanation: this deflection of the air contour creates a low pressure area). The difference in pressure creates a difference in force that gives rise to L. Although there is no official consensus on the most accurate mechanism to explain the emergence of lift force phenomena, it is clear that the aircraft's wings succeeded in changing part of the engine's T thrust into L. the aerodynamic forces including lift (lift), thrust (thrust), weight (weight), and air drag (drag).

Air drag (drag)

is the force caused by molecules and particles in the air. This force is experienced by objects moving in the air. In a stationary object the zero air drag force. When the object starts to move, this air resistance begins to appear in the opposite direction to the direction of motion, which is inhibiting movement (that's why this force is called air drag). The faster the object moves the greater the air drag. So that objects can continue to move forward when flying, we need a force that can overcome the air resistance, namely the thrust (thrust) produced by the engine. So that we do not need to produce thrust that is too large (might be uneconomical) we must find ways to reduce drag. One way is to use a streamlined (slim) design.

Thrust,

is the thrust produced by the engine (powerplant) / propeller. This style is the opposite of the drag force. As a general rule, thrust acts parallel to the longitudinal axis. But actually this does not always happen, as will be explained later.

Drag

is backward force, pulling backwards, and is caused by disruption of air flow by wings, fuselage, and other objects. Drag is the opposite of thrust, and acts backward parallel to the relative wind direction (relative wind).

Weight

gravity is a combination of the weight of the cargo itself, crew, fuel, and cargo or baggage. Weight pulls the plane down because of gravity. Weight against the lift (lift force) and act vertically down through the center of gravity of the aircraft.

Elevator,

(lift force) against the force of weight, and is produced by the dynamic effect of air acting on the wing, and acting perpendicular to the direction of flight through the center of lift of the wing.

Airplane steering system

The aircraft's steering system is used to maneuver. When the plane will turn to the right then the steering wheel is moved to the left, as well as when the plane will maneuver to the left, then the steering wheel is moved to the left. The rear of the aircraft there is a steering wheel that is designed horizontally and vertically.

Airplane tail for maneuver

The aircraft can fly in all directions, waiting for the pilot steering motion. If the steering wheel is turned left, the plane will banking left. Vice versa. This movement is determined by the aileron blades at both ends of the main wing. Then, if the left or right pedal is stepped on, the plane will move forward left or right. In this case the move is the rudder blade. Its position is behind the upright wing (Vertical stabilizer).

Different if the steering wheel is pulled or pushed. The plane will climb or swoop. The determinant of this movement is the elevator steering blades located in both horizontal tail wing blades.

"MAY BE USEFUL"

Why Rocket Can Glide to Space?

 First we must know the parts first.

the main components of the rocket, consisting of four parts namely:

1. framework (system structure)

2. Load (payload system)

3. Guiding system

4. Propulsion system (propultion system)

 

 Bumi adalah planet tempat tinggal seluruh makhluk hidup beserta isinya. Kira-kira 250 juta tahun yang lalu sebagian besar kerak benua di Bumi merupakan satu massa daratan yang dikenal sebagai Pangea. Kemudian, kira-kira dua ratus juta tahun yang lalu Pangea terpecah menjadi dua benua besar yaitu Laurasia, yang sekarang terdiri dari Amerika Utara, Eropa, sebagian Asia Tengah dan Asia Timur; dan Gondwana yang terdiri dari Amerika Selatan, Afrika India, Australia dan bagian Asia lainnya. Bagian-bagian dan dua benua besar ini kemudian terpecah-pecah, hanyut dan bertubrukan dengan bagian lain. 

Bumi merupakan salah satu planet dalam system tata surya dengan matahari sebagai pusatnya. Dilihat datri posisi terdekat dari matahari, Bumi berada pada urutan ketiga, setelah merkurius dan venus. Para ilmuwan menduga, bumi terbentuk sekitar 5.000 juta tahun silam. Bumi tercipta setelah matahari terbentuk. Awal mula bumi terbentuk berasal dari awan raksasa yang menggumpal. Awan itu kian panas hingga membentuk sebuah bola merah yang panas. Setelah itu berangsur-angsur mengalami pendinginan. Akibatnya, permukaan bumi mengeras. Sebaiknya, kondisi didalam perut bumi masih sangat panas ( bias mencapai suhu 7000 ⁰C) dan beberapa bagian diantaranya berbentuk cairan.Bumi merupakan planet yang paling padat dibandingkan ke tujuh planet lainnya dalam system tata surya kita. Nilai kerapatan Bumi mencapai 5.517 lebih besar daripada kerapatan air.Sampai sejauh ini, bumi adalah satu-satunya planet yang berpenghuni dan menjadi kehidupan bagi manusia, hewan, dan tumbuhan. Beragam jenis mahluk hidup itu merasa nyaman berada di bumi.

Sekitar 71 % dari permukaan Bumi diisi oleh air, baik dalam bentuk samudra, lautan, sungai, danau, rawa, maupun situ. Sisanya, yang 29 % permukaan Bumi berupa daratan.Material penyusun Bumi terbesar terdiri dari besi, oksigen, dan silikon. Dari ketiga unsure tersebut, sekitar 88 % bagian dari pusat Bumi adalah besi.

Hal inilah yang menimbulkan efek magnel luar biasa dengan kutub yang berbeda di utara dan selatan.Medan magnet itu mencapai ribuan km dari permukaan Bumi sehingga dapat menghalangi angin radiasi Matahari (solar winds). Medan magnet ini juga melindungi mahluk hidup dari radiasi matahari yang berbahaya.Bumi berputar pada poros atau sumbunya sambil mengelilingi Matahari sesuai orbitnya (lihat gambar 1.2). Dalam sekali putaran tersebut, diperlukan waktu sekitar 24 jam, tepatnya 23 jam lebih 56 menit dan 4,09 detik. Periode ini dikenal dengan satu hari dan satu malam. Rotasi Bumi pada sumbunya itu menimbulkan waktu siang dan malam,Sementara itu, waktu tempuh Bumi mengelilingi Matahari pada orbitnya dalam satu putaran sekitar 365 hari lebih 5 jam, 48 menit, dan 45,51 detik. Menimbulkan adanya musim yang berbeda-beda di berbagai wilayah.

Sedangkan di indonesia akibat dari revolusi bumi, menyebabkan 2 perubahan musim yaitu musim kemarau dan musim penghujan.

"SEMOGA BERMANFAAT"